Tuberculosis (TB)

Description

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs, but it can also impact other parts of the body. TB spreads through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Common symptoms include a persistent cough, chest pain, weight loss, fatigue, fever, and night sweats. If untreated, TB can be serious and potentially fatal.

Prevention

1. Vaccination

• Get vaccinated with the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, especially in areas with high TB prevalence.

2. Identify and Treat Infected Individuals

• Early detection and treatment of active TB cases are crucial to prevent spread. Follow up on latent TB infections.

3. Practice Respiratory Hygiene

• Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your elbow when coughing or sneezing. Use masks in crowded or enclosed spaces.

4. Improve Ventilation

• Ensure proper ventilation in living and working spaces to reduce airborne transmission.

5. Avoid Close Contact

• Limit exposure to individuals known to have active TB, especially in enclosed environments.

6. Regular Screening

• Engage in regular TB screening in high-risk populations, such as healthcare workers or those living in crowded conditions.

By implementing these preventive measures, the risk of tuberculosis transmission can be significantly reduced.