Poliomyelitis (Polio)

Description

Poliomyelitis, commonly known as polio, is a highly infectious viral disease caused by the poliovirus. It primarily affects children and can lead to paralysis or even death. The virus spreads through the fecal-oral route or, less commonly, through contaminated water or food. Most infected individuals may be asymptomatic, but in some cases, the virus can invade the central nervous system, causing severe complications.

Prevention

1. Vaccination

• Ensure that children receive the polio vaccine (oral polio vaccine or inactivated polio vaccine) according to the recommended immunization schedule.

2. Good Hygiene Practices

• Practice good hand hygiene by washing hands thoroughly with soap and water, especially after using the restroom and before eating.

3. Clean Water and Food

• Ensure access to clean water and properly cooked food to minimize the risk of transmission.

4. Community Awareness

• Educate communities about the importance of polio vaccination and the risks associated with the disease.

5. Monitor and Respond

• Monitor for outbreaks and implement vaccination campaigns in areas with low immunization coverage to prevent the spread of polio.

By following these preventive measures, the risk of poliomyelitis transmission can be significantly reduced.